Thermal manikin
The Centre possesses a thermal manikin that is used widely in thermal comfort experiments. The manikin is divided into 16 individually controlled segments. The dry heat loss and surface temperatures can be recorded for each segment, for groups of segments or overall for the entire manikin.
Typically, the thermal manikin is used to measure heat loss under experimental conditions similar to those to which human subjects have been, or will be, exposed. The manikin is also used to measure the insulation of various types of clothing, sleeping bags and other products.
For evaluation of the transportation and distribution of pollutants around the human body, a breathing apparatus can be connected to the manikin. This mechanism enables studies of the interaction between breathing, convective airflows around the manikin caused by temperature differences between the surface of the manikin and the air, and the airflow in a space.
In a recent research project, measurements performed with thermal manikins from different European countries were made at the Centre. Comparison of measurements with different manikins was an important part of the project, which resulted in a combined index for the evaluation of the thermal environment in vehicles.
Laser Doppler Anemometer
An advanced Laser Doppler Anemometer is used for the accurate measurement of low air velocities in spaces and for the investigation of the convective airflow around persons. By use of a computer-controlled traversing mechanism, measurements can be made in a precise matrix of points near the thermal manikin.
Gas monitor
Photoacoustic multigas monitoring equipment is used for tracer gas measurement of air change rates in spaces, for determination of the airflow in ventilation systems and for measurement of specific chemical compounds in the air. In addition, the Centre possesses an instrument for measurement of the ozone concentration in the air.
Instruments for thermal comfort measurements
Instruments for the measurement of parameters that are important for thermal sensation and comfort (air and radiant temperatures, air velocity and air humidity) as well as instruments for the direct measurement of integrated thermal indices that combine thermal parameters, clothing insulation and activity and express thermal sensation and comfort (PMV/PPD) are used in almost all studies. Furthermore, a thermal anemometer with (up to) 16 sensors is used for the measurement of airflow characteristics.
